High-Efficiency Battery Storage Unit for Renewable Energy DC Micro-Grids
نویسنده
چکیده
The paper describes a battery storage unit for small DC micro-grids based on a multi-cell topology. The system consists of a series arrangement of lead-acid type battery cells where each cell is equipped with an individual DC-DC buck converter located directly at the battery terminals. For minimizing the output ripple the cells are operated in interleaved PWM mode. With this the cell-to-cell wiring can be used as output ripple filter avoiding dedicated smoothing coils. The proposed circuit is based on lowvoltage MOSFETs operated at low switching frequencies resulting in 99%+ converter efficiency rates. The control of the unit, furthermore, emulates a virtual output impedance of the battery storage system. This opens an easy possibility for energy management and load leveling of the DC micro-grid by adopting the power consumption of the individual loads according to the actual grid voltage which is used as a load status indicator of the grid.
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